Joseph Arcita: A Guide to Ketosis. Here is the guide to ketosis. The contents of this article can be located here. If you're currently wondering what on earth ketosis even is, then you're in luck for I plan not only to befuddle but also to enlighten. All you have to do is read on. There is a lot of understandable skepticism and tons of misconceptions about keto; I want to let newcomers know, however surprising it may be, that keto (or at least a diet low in grains/sugars and high in fats) is a very healthy diet with numerous benefits. The links contained within the contents are 'clickable' and will transport you directly to that section. You can also right click and select . If you want to return to the contents of the page simply click on the 'upwards' arrows that are next to each of the section titles within the main article. Contents. I. Why You Should Care About Ketosis: The Benefits of a Ketogenic Diet. PicoTrace is a spin-off company, founded by members of the Faculty of Geosciences of the University of Göttingen, Germany. Our University has a well known tradition.A. Ketosis Increases Neuronal Stabilization and Mental Focus. B. Ketosis Promotes the Loss of Body- Fat and LDL Cholesterol. C. Ketosis Eliminates Various Ailments such as Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension. D. Ketosis Treats Several Diseases such as Alzheimer's and Various Cancers. E. Ketosis Promotes Cardiovascular Health. F. Ketosis Preserves Lean- Body Mass. G. One Will Lose Body- fat More Quickly on Keto Than Not. H. Ketosis Blunts Appetite and Increases Meal Satiety.
II. Understanding Ketosis; An Overview of Metabolism 2. A. Fat Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Beta- Oxidation. E. Citrate Synthase Inhibition and Beta- ketothiolase Activation. F. Ketogenesis and Ketosis. III. The Basics of the Ketogenic Diet 3. A. Entering Ketosis: A Macro Ratio for Keto. B. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Adrian Sutherland, lead singer of Midnight Shine gears up for the Juno Cup in Ottawa. C. Sample Ketogenic Meal Plan. D. The Wonders of Fiber. E. How to Enter Ketosis Quickly, Easily, and Reliably. F. How to Know You're Under Ketosis. G. The Gloom of Induction. H. Building Muscle- Mass. J. Reentering Glycolysis Correctly. M. A list of Ketogenic Foods. N. Step by Step Guide to the SKD, TKD, and CKD. IV. Useful Resources and Websites for the Keto- Minded 5. A. The Cook's Thesaurus. B. Restaurant Nutrition Facts. C. Keto Macro- Nutrient Calculator. D. Keto Recipes Galore. F. Further Information. VI. What is the ketogenic diet in simple terms? B. Is ketosis unhealthy? C. Is ketosis unnatural? D. How can you lose fat if you eat fat? E. Is it best to bulk on keto or on a normal diet? F. Are ketostix reliable? G. Please leave any questions in the comments. Why You Should Care About Ketosis: The Benefits of a Ketogenic Diet. A. Ketosis Increases Neuronal Stabilization and Mental Focus . Ketosis somehow stabilizes the brain in a way that a normal glycolytic metabolism does not. This misconception arises from the fact that one must undergo a period of induction into ketosis (approximately 1. It is during this induction period that people experience the physical and mental sluggishness that is often associated with ketosis; unfortunately, these people often employ . Under a normal glycolytic metabolism, fat exists only as a backup or reserve fuel. Your body does not like to use it. When your body requires energy under a glycolytic metabolism, it first scans your blood- stream for glucose. If not much blood- glucose is found, then your body will command the liver to convert its stored glycogen into glucose. If not much glycogen is found, then your body will breakdown muscle and fat. Fat is the very last option. Under ketosis, fat is the very first option for energy ahead of anything else. The level of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood glucose level decreased significantly (P < 0. HDL cholesterol increased significantly (P < 0. Long Term Effects of Ketogenic Diet in Obese Subjects with High Cholesterol Level A Low- Carbohydrate, Ketogenic Diet versus a Low- Fat Diet to Treat Obesity and Hyperlipidemia 1. C. Ketosis Eliminates Various Ailments such as Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension . This makes sense since insulin levels are scrupulously controlled under ketosis, and large portions of fat and LDL cholesterol are lost. No significant changes in these parameters occurred in the high- protein group, instead systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased (. Because the LCKD can be very effective at lowering blood glucose, patients on diabetes medication who use this diet should be under close medical supervision or capable of adjusting their medication. A Low Carbohydrate, Ketogenic Diet to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Effects of high protein vs high carbohydrate intake on insulin sensitivity, body weight, hemoglobin A1, and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes melitus Comparison of a Low- Fat Diet to a Low- Carbohydrate Diet on Weight Loss, Body Composition, and Risk Factors for Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in Free- Living, Overweight Men and Women. D. Ketosis Treats Several Diseases such as Alzheimer's and Various Cancers . Ketosis has been shown to raise the levels of beta amyloid, and is seen as a possible treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Cancers are simply malignant tumors which possess a glycolytic rate that is up to 2. Without glucose, these cancer cells should not survive, and this does seem to be the case. The ketogenic diet; fatty acids, fatty acid- activated receptors, and neurological disorders. Study of the ketogenic agent AC- 1. Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, double- blind, placebo- controlled, multicenter trial. Implementing A Ketogenic Diet Based on Medium- chain Triglyceride Oil in Pediatric Patients with Cancer. Carbohydrate restriction in patients with advanced cancer: a protocol to assess safety and feasibility with an accompanying hypothesis. E. Ketosis Promotes Cardiovascular Health . When analyzing the nutritional habits of American society, carbohydrate consumption has risen, resulting in an increase in obesity and atherogenic markers such as triglycerides and VLD. For Dasthi et al., the use of a KD with obese patients over a period of 1. Specifically, there is a significant decrease in fasting and postprandial (in response to high- fat meals) blood triglyceride levels. Furthermore, the phenomenon of carbohydrate- induced hypertriglyceridemia is long established. The serum triglyceride levels decreased more and high- density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased more with the low- carbohydrate diet than with the low- fat diet: at 6 months and at 1. Bearing in mind that the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype is characterized by an increase in liver production of VLDL, low levels of HDL and a predominance of small LDL particles, it is surprising that low- fat and high- carbohydrate diets favor this atherogenic profile in patients who previously did not have this problem. These diets prompt an increase in larger LDL particles, a drop in smaller LDL particles and a decrease in the cholesterol/HDL ratio, which lowers glucose levels and favors weight loss. KDs based around proteins also have cardiovascular benefits, such as decreasing total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride levels and increasing HDL levels. When comparing low- carbohydrate/high- protein diets and low- carbohydrate/high- fat diets, it seems that the difference between both diets in relation to blood lipid levels lies in the LDL, which are significantly lower in high- protein diets. Low- carbohydrate diets clearly have short- term cardiovascular benefits, but such benefits can also be observed over longer periods of time: 6 months, since improvements in blood pressure and blood levels of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides are noted in the 6 month period; 1. HDL and lower triglyceride levels). Ketosis Preserves Lean- Body Mass . The result of this competition or duel catabolism is about as much muscle- mass lost as fat. This can of course be largely avoided thru ketosis since under ketosis body- fat is the first and primary source of energy. Ketosis is muscle- sparing for the simple reason that proteins no longer compete with fatty acids for energy utilization. Under ketosis, protein is a secondary energy source and thus muscle- mass is largely spared. After 9 weeks, weight loss was 1. One Will Lose Body- fat More Quickly on Keto Than Not . Under glycolytic conditions the predominate form in which the brain accepts energy is glucose or glucose derivatives. In other words at least 2. Under fat- adapted ketogenic conditions at least 8. Each day this person if under a ketogenic metabolism would lose an additional 5. H. Ketosis Blunts Appetite and Increases Meal Satiety . Understanding Ketosis; An Overview of Metabolism. Metabolism can be defined as those particular processes by which a creature derives energy. There are several different possible metabolic processes that humans are capable of, but perhaps the most prevalent and important of them all, and the one that plays a central role in understanding ketosis is the krebs cycle. The krebs cycle is the primary mechanism by which the human body extracts energy yielding molecules from food. Oxaloacetate is naturally regenerated from the cycle, but Acetyl- Co. A must be fed into the cycle continuously. Both of these molecules can be produced from the molecule pyruvate as shown in the diagram. Pyruvate itself is produced thru glycolysis. Glycolysis begins with a glucose molecule that is phosphorylated and reduced down to 2 molecules of pyruvate. This is what happens to all carbohydrates; they are all converted into a form that can be fed into this pathway for the eventual production of acetyl- Co. A. Well it turns out that there is a store of carbohydrates in your liver in the form of glycogen that will get broken down into glucose when none is ingested. If you do not ingest glucose for such a long period of time that liver- glycogen stores become depleted then you will take all of your energy from fatty acids. D. Fat Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Beta- Oxidation . This begins with the activation of the enzyme lipase which cleaves fats into a glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid chains effectively freeing the fatty acids from their cell. What Is The Best Weight Gain Diet Plan? The Question: What type of diet plan should you follow if you want to gain weight as quickly as possible (without too much fat gain)? What type of protein/carbs/fat ratio should you try to have each day? How many calories per day? What types of food should you be eating? What types of food should you avoid? What can you do to increase your appetite? How much weight should you be trying to gain each week? How much fat is acceptable to gain during your weight gain period? How can you tell if you are gaining too much fat? Bonus Question: What is the most calories that you have eaten in one day when trying to bulk? How did you feel the next day? Show off your knowledge to the world! The Winners: 1. Kill yourself View Profile. All the pro's and amateurs bulk up and then cut down for a competition. Without bulking up, your progress would come to a snail's pace. When 'bulking' you should focus on gaining as much muscle as you can, while keeping fat gain at a minimum. Your best judge is you. And your friend is the mirror. Do not base your results on weight, charts and logs. Sure those are necessary, but are not the prime factor on determining your progress. Before you start keeping a log of all your lifts, and measurements. Record your progress every 2 weeks, that way you can determine if you are heading down the right path. When bulking up you should keep body fat at a minimum. Gaining more than 2 lbs per week is bad, and it means you are over eating and should cut your calories by 2. Our goal is to gain muscle and not fat. A Sad Fact Of Life. Let's be realistic, fat will come but you shouldn't gain more than 4- 7% fat on your whole bulk. If you're gaining 1. Again, the mirror is your best friend. When bulking I monitor my fat gains, and when I gain too much fat I can usually tell why it is. Learn to listen to your body and not the scale. Don't Over Do It. Do not overbulk, because if you do, you will have a hard time loosing it. In addition, with all the cutting you will do, you will lose more muscle which will lead you to no where. Like I said, it's not wise to base it on the scale or a program, always determine your progress through looking in the mirror. Don't Forget Nutrition. Although weight training is necessary to gain muscle, the right diet is needed. Nutrition is about 8. So no matter how much you train, and how many sets you do, if you don't feed and rebuild your body, it simply won't grow. I see tons of people in the gym with perfect routines, going day by day, always the same. I know that their diet sucks, but again I see them editing their routines and following the next best workout program. Get Plenty Of Rest. The other factor that seems to be over looked is rest. You need 8 hours of good quality sleep. Don't expect to grow while you watch TV until midnight and then wake up at 6 for work or school. Your body needs to repair. Human Growth Hormone (HGH) kicks in within 2 hours of your sleep and repairs broken down tissue, or you muscle. That way you get bigger and stronger. When you cut down your sleep, you are taking away 2- 4 hours of the main building process, and that is no good in trying to get more muscle. You need training, diet and rest to get big. Once you begin to master these components your gains should be coming in quite nicely. The Best Type Of Diet For Bulking Up. When bulking up, you need an organized eating plan. Also you have to educate yourself about carbs, protein and fats. You need to know how calories work, and how to calculate your meals. First off you need to form a ratio. Through years of experience, I've found that 5. Now since the body gets used to the amount of food you're giving it, you will have to 'UP' the calories by 3. The first week that you start bulking you will go +5. The 3. 00 calories will be the same ratio as your diet. You will bulk up for 1. Let's say you were eating 2. That's your maintenance. First you will add 5. Therefore, it will look something like this. This is only a model, so add 5. Starting at 3,0. 00: Weeks 1- 2 = 3,5. Weeks 3- 4 = 3,8. Weeks 5- 6 = 4,1. Weeks 7- 8 = 4,4. Weeks 9- 1. 0= 4,7. Weeks 1. 1- 1. 2= 5,0. Weeks 1. 3- 1. 4= 5,3. Week 1. 5- 1. 6 = 5,5. You can stop at anytime if you feel you reached your goal, or are gaining too much fat. Let the mirror be your judge. Don't follow the scale or a program. It would be foolish if you are happy at week 1. Always look in the mirror. Having logs and looking at the scale is fine too, it's actually necessary, but always let the mirror be your main source for judging your progress. Now since you know how many calories you have to eat, it's time to see what you will be eating. Carbs, protein and fats are what your diet is made out of. You know the ratio you need; now we need to figure out what each of you will be having and what foods are great sources of each macronutrients. Carbohydrates. Carbs are needed for energy. You need a lot of carbs, since they make 5. Going too high on carbs will result in fat gain. Too little carbs will results in using other macronutrients as energy which is also bad. You need to balance it out, and 5. In the world of carbs, there are simple and complex carbs. Eat simple carbs consisting of dextrose for after workout only, otherwise avoid these carbs as they result in insulin spike and fat again. Feel free to eat a lot of fruits though. Next are complex carbs which are great for bulking. They are slowly released into the body not creating a spike, and perfect for your diet. Now here are some great sources of carbohydrates. Simple Carbs. Dextrose, Fruits, Sugar, High fructose corn syrup, Sports drinks, Candies, etc. Complex Carbs. Brown rice, 1. Whole Wheat Bread, Oats, Pasta, Spaghetti, Beans, Veggies, etc. Protein. Protein is very important. Protein builds lean muscle tissue, and that's how you get big. Without protein, it's like trying to drive a car without gas, or on the fumes. You need 1- 2 grams per lb of bodyweight, and 3. With a diet rich of protein, you will grow and feel better. Protein is found in meats and poultry. Be careful and avoid meat with the white stuff on it. That is saturated fat, and no good for your body or health. Red meat is perfect for getting big, but also contains saturated fats. Eat beef only 2- 3 times per week and make sure to cut off all the visible saturated fat. Tuna and other fish are great for lean protein. Since not all of us can eat meat all the time, whey protein is perfect for supplementation. Whey saved my diet when I started my job. It was 8 hours and I had a 1 hour break in between so I was able to eat a big meal. But I also needed two smaller ones in between. So I got my canteen and put 2- 3 scoops of whey and I also had a banana or something to fulfill my diet requirements. I strongly suggest that you pick up a tub of Whey Protein. Protein Foods. Tuna, Salmon, Chicken Breast, Beef, Pork Chops, Turkey, Egg Whites. Fats. Fats are often overlooked in today's 'athlete' diets. Since the 9. 0's fats got a bad reputation. So in everyone's mind, fat equals fat around your belly. In reality, fat from food and stored body fat are two different things. Everyone needs fat in their diet. From active to non active people, fat is needed. Since we are trying to get bigger, fat is 2. Don't worry it will not magically stick to your belly. There's different kinds of fat. There is Saturated, and Unsaturated fat. The saturated fat has a sub category of Trans fats, while the Unsaturated fats have Poly and Mono. You should avoid Saturated fats, and avoid Trans fats at all costs, since all they do is clog arteries and have 0 beneficial results in your body. Something that every lifter can appreciate. These 'good fats' belong to the Essential Fatty Acids (EFA's) which are needed for your body and are quite good for you. They have little to none bad benefits. Salmon and fish are excellent sources of protein and the fat that we want. There's virtually no Saturated fat in fish and that is good to keep your bulk diet clean. Be sure to consume a lot of nuts and cook with olive oil. These will give you pure EFA's and will be very good for your body and healthy for your system. Please don't overlook fat, because it plays an important role in any diet, bulking or cutting. Good Fats. Nuts, Olive oil, Fish, Seeds. Foods To Avoid. Sure we are bulking. But I strongly suggest do not go out and load up on fast food thinking that you loaded up on calories and will get big. Well you are right on one thing, you will get big, but the only measurement that will change will be your waist. We don't want that. Even though we are consuming a high amount of calories, that doesn't give us the right to pig out. It's ok to have a cheat day once every 1 or 2 weeks, but don't overdo it or you will gain extra fat which when cutting time comes around is no fun. It means you will cut longer, loose more muscle and have a busy schedule. Take it nice and slow (moderation), stick to basic foods from each group, nothing too extreme and remember to listen to your body. Even if it's time to change the calories a bit, if you still feel that you are making gains, then don't change it. It's about looking in the mirror and determining how you've progressed. If you gain fat a little faster, then have fewer cheat meals. Do not hesitate to tweak your calories, or do a carb load depending on how you feel. After all it's your body and everyone reacts differently. There are some bad carbs. Ok, now it's time to separate the bad from the good. When eating carbs be careful not to over eat on the simple carbs. Simple carbs are excelle. Since it all goes in your system and your body doesn't need it. Avoid foods like candy, pure sugar and foods containing a lot of sugar. Ice cream, pizza, potato chips and twizzlers are all bad for you and won't give you the gains you are looking for. As for protein, you can't really mess up that bad. Just make sure you are eating clean, lean protein. Don't eat fatty steak everyday and wonder why you are gaining fat fast.
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